Table 4. Diet, physical activity and smoking in Isfahan and Najaf-Abad (intervention areas) and Arak (control area) before and after lifestyle interventions in a study of the effects of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program, the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Behaviour	Baseline		Annual evaluation				P-value for trend
			1st	2nd	3rd
n
Intervention areas	6 175		2 994	2 400	3 012
Control area	6 339		2 897	2 393	3 070
Mean dietary scorea ± SD
Intervention areas	4.6 ± 1.5		5.3 ± 1.5	5.9 ± 1.6	6.7 ± 1.5		< 0.05
Control area	5.7 ± 1.5		5.8 ± 1.4	5.8 ± 1.4	4.5 ± 1.6		0.41
P-value	< 0.01		< 0.05	0.24	< 0.01
Healthy dietb (%)
Intervention areas	16.9		17.7	24.3	31.8		< 0.01
Control area	12.8		14.4	13.9	10.8		0.38
P-value	< 0.05		< 0.05	< 0.01	< 0.001
Daily smokers (%)
Intervention areas	14.8		15.0	11.9	13.9		< 0.05
Control area	15.2		16.3	15.3	12.6		0.004
P-value	0.63		0.24	< 0.05	0.09
Total daily physical activity (MET-m/week ± SD)
Intervention areas	606 ± 402		570 ± 396	550 ± 381	538 ± 391		< 0.01
Control area	620 ± 398		629 ± 393	603 ± 411	506 ± 361		< 0.01
P-value	0.04		< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
Leisure time physical activity (MET-m/week ± SD)
Intervention areas	85 ± 91		82 ± 76	104 ± 74	120 ± 160		< 0.01
Control area	84 ± 90		74 ± 63	91 ± 58	106 ± 147		< 0.01
P-value	0.70		< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
Individuals (%) with ≥ 30 minutes/day of moderate or vigorous activity
Intervention areas	47.0		34.6	47.2	33.2		< 0.01
Control area	46.8		24.0	32.0	31.1		< 0.001
P-value	0.93		< 0.05	< 0.01	0.11

MET-m/week, metabolic equivalent task minutes per week; SD, standard deviation.
^a Dietary score was calculated by summing up the scores given to participants based on quintile cut-points based on consumption of items in 12 food groups.
^b Individuals on a healthy diet were considered as those having a total diet score of ≥ 8.