Table 4.
Effects of smoking on Barrett's esophagus: stratified by GERD symptoms, alcohol use, body mass index (BMI), and abdominal obesity: Cases vs. Population controls comparison
| Non-smoker | Current smoker or Recent quitter (quit less than 10years ago) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (cases/controls) | OR (95% CI)1 | N (cases/controls) | OR (95% CI) 1 | |
| GERD symptoms2 | ||||
| never or < once a month | 10/100 | 1 (ref) | 15/33 | 3.98 (1.58-10.0) |
| ≥ once a week | 92/29 | 32.3 (14.8-70.4) | 73/20 | 37.4 (16.2-86.3) |
|
| ||||
| Alcohol use3 | ||||
| Non user | 38/46 | 1 (ref) | 25/14 | 2.20 (0.99-4.92) |
| 1+ drink/day | 9/21 | 0.58 (0.23-1.45) | 31/19 | 2.07 (0.94-4.57) |
|
| ||||
| Body mass index4 | ||||
| Normal (BMI=18.5-24.9) | 20/35 | 1 (ref) | 22/18 | 2.03 (0.87-4.73) |
| Obese (BMI≥30) | 45/58 | 1.35 (0.69-2.67) | 33/19 | 3.38 (1.46-7.82) |
|
| ||||
| Abdominal obesity (abdominal circumference)5 | ||||
| 1st quartile | 30/47 | 1 (ref) | 18/14 | 2.05 (0.86-4.86) |
| 3rd-4th quartiles | 61/57 | 2.42 (0.99-5.91) | 48/31 | 3.02 (1.18-2.75) |
1
The model was controlled for age and gender (except for the abdominal obesity analysis, which was also adjusted for BMI)
2
Subjects who reported GERD symptoms ≥once a month and <once a week were excluded.
3
Subjects who reported drinking <1drink/day were excluded.
4
Subjects with BMI<18.5 (underweight) and 25-<30 (overweight) were excluded.
5
Subjects in the second quartile of abdominal circumference were excluded, and the model was adjusted for BMI as well.