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Immunohistochemical staining for α-SMA. α-SMA is a mesenchymal and myofibroblast marker. In normal kidneys, α-SMA was negative for tubular epithelial cells; there were a few positive myofibroblasts in the interstitium (A, × 200). In ADPKD kidneys, the stromal cells were diffusely positive (B, × 200), and occasional epithelial cells in the dilated cysts were positive (C and D, × 400, arrows). α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; ADPKD, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
