. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Mar 2.

Published in final edited form as: J Commun Disord. 2005 Sep–Oct;38(5):395–419. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2005.03.003

Table 2.

Themes and sub-themes describing the consequences of living with SD

Themes	Sub-themes	Definitions
My voice does not work	My voice sounds different	Changes in voice quality (raspy, shaky)
My voice does not work	Talking requires physical effort	Physical symptoms (effort, fatigue)
	My voice is undependable	Changes in speech function such as unpredictability of how voice will sound
My personal experience of SD	SD changes how I feel about myself	Affective issues such as feeling embarrassed or self conscious
	My voice does not represent me.	The voice “misrepresents” how I feel
	I just deal with it	Coping strategies of avoidance, vigilance, and attitude
Communicating in the world around me	Some places are hard	Dealing with environmental issues, i.e. background noise
	People make a difference	Characteristics and responses of other people influence involvement
	SD has deprived me of certain roles	Restrictions in the number/extent of social roles