Table 1.
Variable | Open | Knotted arthroscopic | Knotless arthroscopic | Open versus arthroscopic knotted* | Open versus arthroscopic knotless* | Arthroscopic knotted versus arthroscopic knotless* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | ||||||
6 months | 49 | 52 | 57 | NS | NS | NS |
2 years | 20 | 29 | 38 | |||
Male:female | ||||||
6 months | 21:28 | 24:29 | 28:29 | NS | NS | NS |
2 years | 10:10 | 10:19 | 20:18 | |||
Age at surgery (years)† | ||||||
6 months | 58 (28–87) | 64 (40–90) | 59 (34–86) | p < 0.01 | NS | p < 0.05 |
2 years | 60 (48–73) | 63 (79) | 61 (34–86) | |||
Time from initial injury to repair (months)† | ||||||
6 months | 13 (0.5–81) | 7.0 (0.8–39) | 6.0 (0.2–31) | p < 0.05 | NS | NS |
2 years | 15 (0.7–81) | 7.2 (1.0–39) | 6.6 (0.5–31) | |||
Affected shoulder | ||||||
Right | ||||||
6 months | 28 | 38 | 45 | |||
2 years | 9 | 19 | 30 | |||
Left | ||||||
6 months | 21 | 15 | 12 | |||
2 years | 11 | 10 | 8 | |||
Dominant arm | ||||||
6 months | 32/49 | 40/53 | 43/57 | NS | NS | NS |
2 years | 12/20 | 19/29 | 29/38 | |||
Tear size (cm2)† | ||||||
6 months | 4.1 (0.5–14) | 3.9 (1–13.5) | 3.7 (1–16.5) | NS | NS | NS |
2 years | 4.3 (1–14) | 3.9 (1–13.5) | 3.6 (1–15.75) | NS | NS | NS |
Number of anchors used‡ | ||||||
6 months | 4.0 ± 0.1 (2–8) | 2.1 ± 0.7 (1–4) | 2.5 ± 0.1 (1–5) | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.01 |
2 years | 4.4 ± 0.1 (2–8) | 2.0 ± 0.7 (1–4) | 2.5 ± 0.2 (1–5) | |||
Operation time (minutes)† | ||||||
6 months | 60 (35–100) | 55 (30–90) | 41 (20–60) | NS | p < 0.001 | p < 0.01 |
2 years | 61 (35–100) | 54 (30–85) | 40 (20–60) | |||
Number of retears requiring surgery | ||||||
6 months | 3 | 4 | 5 | NS | NS | NS |
2 years | 4 | 5 | 7 | NS | NS | NS |
* Comparisons between groups using Mann-Whitney rank sum tests; †values expressed as means, with ranges in parentheses; ‡values expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean, with range in parentheses; NS = no significance.