Fig. 5.
Quantitative PCR analysis for ALP, OCN, and OPN. Plastic cell culture plate with osteogenic inducing media was used as a positive control for osteogenic differentiation. *, Significant differences between Ti, 30- and 50-nm nanotubes vs. 70- and 100-nm nanotubes for ALP, OCN, and OPN gene expressions (P < 0.01).