Table 4.
Depression in fathers and later emotional and behavioral problems in children
| SDQ scale (n=6092) |
Strata | Proportion of fathers with depression in each strata n (%) |
Odds Ratio (95% C.I.) |
Adj. Odds Ratio* (95% C.I.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prosocial (reverse-scored) |
1 2 3 4 5 6 |
83/2485 (3.34) 62/1805 (3.43) 55/1479 (3.72) 33/1051 (3.14) 30/808 (3.71) 40/803 (4.98) |
1.33 (1.04, 1.71) |
1.29 (1.01, 1.66) p=0.045 |
| Hyperactivity | 1 2 3 4 5 |
113/3409 (3.31) 90/2520 (3.57) 59/1585 (3.72) 26/660 (3.94) 15/257 (5.84) |
1.31 (1.02, 1.69) |
1.13 (0.87, 1.45) p=0.354 |
| Emotional | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
98/2990 (3.28) 67/2106 (3.18) 51/1352 (3.77) 34/838 (4.06) 20/565 (3.43) 16/321 (4.98) 17/259 (6.56) |
1.15 (0.89, 1.49) |
1.03 (0.80, 1.34) p=0.806 |
| Conduct | 1 2 3 4 5 6 |
64/2260 (2.83) 81/2328 (3.48) 67/1888 (3.55) 45/1097 (4.10) 21/497 (4.23) 25/361 (6.93) |
1.35 (1.05, 1.74) |
1.21 (0.94, 1.57) p=0.133 |
| Peer Problems | 1 2 3 4 5 6 |
122/4060 (3.00) 66/2023 (3.26) 44/1107 (3.97) 30/641 (4.68) 19/304 (6.25) 22/296 (7.43) |
1.63 (1.26, 2.11) |
1.46 (1.13, 1.90) p=0.004 |
| Total Problems | 1 2 3 4 5 |
76/2537 (3.00) 73/2309 (3.16) 56/1687 (3.32) 43/1001 (4.30) 55/897 (6.13) |
1.47 (1.14, 1.91) |
1.25 (0.97, 1.62) p=0.087 |
*
adjusted for depression in mother and paternal educational level using Multiple Imputation with Chained Equations (MICE). Odds Ratios in this table represent the odds per each stratum increase.