Table 3.
Multivariable mixed effects models showing the increment in 3-year systolic blood pressure (mmHg) per increment change in marker of maternal iron status
|
1st Trimester |
2nd Trimester |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in SBP (mmHg) | 95% CI | P-value | Change in SBP (mmHg) | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Iron intake, effect per 10 mg | ||||||
| Total iron intake | ||||||
| Crude | 0.4 | 0.1, 0.7 | 0.02 | 0.0 | −0.2, 0.2 | 0.91 |
| Multivariable | 0.4 | 0.1, 0.7 | 0.01 | 0.0 | −0.2, 0.2 | 0.90 |
| From food only | ||||||
| Crude | −0.1 | −1.0, 0.9 | 0.91 | 0.2 | −0.8, 1.1 | 0.74 |
| Multivariable | 0.2 | −0.8, 1.2 | 0.71 | 0.3 | −0.7, 1.3 | 0.52 |
| From supplements only | ||||||
| Crude | 0.4 | 0.1, 0.7 | 0.01 | 0.0 | −0.2, 0.2 | 0.97 |
| Multivariable | 0.4 | 0.1, 0.8 | 0.01 | −0.0 | −0.2, 0.2 | 0.99 |
| Haemoglobin, effect per g/dl | ||||||
| Crude | 0.4 | −0.3, 1.0 | 0.20 | 0.3 | −0.3, 1.0 | 0.28 |
| Multivariable | 0.5 | −0.2, 1.1 | 0.17 | 0.2 | −0.5, 0.9 | 0.47 |
| MCV, effect per 10 fl | ||||||
| Crude | 0.0 | −1.1, 1.1 | 0.97 | 0.0 | −1.0, 1.1 | 0.95 |
| Multivariable | −0.2 | −1.4, 1.0 | 0.76 | −0.3 | −1.4, 0.9 | 0.65 |
CI is confidence interval. MCV is mean cell volume. Iron from supplements is in mg of elemental iron. For crude iron intake analyses, n = 1095 in the 1st trimester and n = 1031 in the 2nd trimester. For multivariable iron intake analyses, n = 1044 in the 1st trimester and n = 983 in the 2nd trimester. For crude haemoglobin analyses, n = 1044 in the 1st trimester and n = 993 in the 2nd trimester. For multivariable haemoglobin analyses, n = 982 in the 1st trimester and n = 944 in the 2nd trimester. For crude MCV analyses, n = 1044 in the 1st trimester and n = 991 in the 2nd trimester. For multivariable MCV analyses, n = 982 in the 1st trimester and n = 942 in the 2nd trimester. All analyses are adjusted for blood pressure measurement conditions (extremity used, cuff size, state, position, measurement order), child sex and age at measurement. Multivariable analyses are additionally adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, pregnancy weight gain, smoking, income, education and race/ethnicity, and child height and weight at the time of blood pressure measurement. Iron intake analyses are also adjusted for total energy intake; and haemoglobin and MCV analyses are adjusted for gestational age at blood draw.