FIG. 5.
Overall action of NRGc stimulation (Stim) on neurotransmitter levels in the L3 spinal cord segment. Each histogram bar in A and B represents the group mean (±SE) level of glutamate (A), glycine (B), GABA (C) (n = 14 experiments), and dopamine (D, n = 3 experiments) during the state of wakefulness before (Con), during NRGc stimulation, and at 5-min time intervals after NRGc stimulation. Note that during NRGc stimulation, glutamate and glycine levels increased significantly by about 69 and 45%, respectively (*P < 0.05, repeated-measures ANOVA or Friedman repeated-measures ANOVA on ranks, Tukey test).