Fig. 1.
Electrical energy transfer by microtubules. Voltage pulses. a Experimental setup for electrical stimulation of MTs as originally described in [10]. Electrical signals are applied to the stimulus end, and received at the other (collection) end of a connected MT. b Voltage pulses applied to the “stimulus” side (blue) and are received on the other, “collection” side (red). Data are shown before (MT ) and after sequential addition of GTP (1.4 mM), EGTA (1.4 mM) and further addition of Ca2 + (14 mM). Data are the mean ± SEM of six to nine experiments