Table 3.

Bivariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with dependence on tobacco in the 210 out of the 254 HIV-infected active smokers for whom the Fagerstrom test was assessable.

Variables	Bivariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	Tobacco Dependency		p	OR	95% CI	p
	Strong or moderate (Fagerström test ≥5)	Mild or none (Fagerström test <5)
	N=119(57%)	N=91 (43%)
Body surface area (m2) mean ± SD
HIV risk factor	1.78±0.18	1.82±0.19	0.1190
IV drug addiction	31%	18%	0.0376
Homosexuality	34%	51%
Other	35%	31%
Disclosure of HIV status
Disclosure to family (yes vs no)	86%	67%	0.0022	2.04	1.04–3.77	0.0308
Number of individuals aware of HIV status > 5	74%	62%	0.1629
Depression* (0–21) mean + SD	5.9+3.8	4.9+4.4	0.0671
HIV therapy toxicity
Perception of antiretroviral toxicity (yes vs no)	59%	93%	0.1199
Negative side effects**	98%	92%	0.0802
Social activities or plans
To practice sport	43%	63%	0.0069	0.45	0.25–0.79	0.0062
To have children	17%	10%	0.1870
To take part in a cultural activity	65%	77%	0.0778
To travel	82%	89%	0.1484
To take better care of oneself	95%	99%	0.1139
Other addictions
Anti-anxiety, sleeping pills	39%	18%	0.0012
Morning alcohol consumption to feel good	8%	0%	0.0189
Heroin consumption during one’s life	42%	28%	0.0514
Substitute drugs, morphine consumption during one’s life	31%	17%	0.0473
Substitute drugs, morphine consumption during the previous 6 months	23%	7%	0.0056	3.33	1.22–9.60	0.0227

Note:

Dependence assessed through Fagerström test

^*Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale

^**Experience of at least one of a predefined list of symptoms during the previous 4 weeks

OR: Odds ratio; CI 95% confidence interval