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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 6.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2009 Mar 6;323(5919):1354–1357. doi: 10.1126/science.1169218

Figure 1. VM-GFP localizes selectively to the surface of the forespore.

Figure 1

Procedures (11). (A) Stages of sporulation. Top, division creates a mother cell (left) and a forespore (right). Middle, the mother cell engulfs the forespore. Bottom, the forespore is pinched off as a protoplast. (B) α-helical model of VM. Shown on the left is the hydrophobic, membrane-embedded face and on the right a 180° rotation of the helix along its long axis with positively charged residues labeled green. (C) VM-GFP localizes to the surface of the forespore, whereas VMP9A-GFP localizes to all membranes (D). (E-F) Membrane stained cells in (C-D). Arrowheads identify the cell depicted in the cartoon. (G-L) Localization of VM-GFP or VMP9A-GFP produced after topological isolation. Membrane surrounding the forespore was stained by a membrane-permeable (G, J) but not by a membrane impermeable dye (H, K). VM-GFP (I), but not VMP9A-GFP (L), localized selectively to the surface of the forespore. Scale bars are 2 μm.