Table 1.

HTLV-1 disease associations

Nonmalignant conditions
Asymptomatic infection
HTLV-associated myleopathy (HAM), tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP)
HTLV-associated arthropathy
HTLV-associated uveitis
Malignant disorders
Smoldering ATLL	Atypical lymphocytes, limited skin lesions
Chronic ATLL	Lymphocytosis, skin lesions, liver, lung, lymph node involvement
Acute ATLL, lymphomatous form	T-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with frequent blood, skin, bone lesions
Acute ATLL, leukemia form	T-cell leukemia with hypercalcemia, lytic bone lesions, lymphadenopathy, visceral or leptomeningeal involvement, opportunitistic infections

HTLV, human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus; ATLL, HTLV-1-associated leukemia/lymphoma.