Table 4.
Serum AFP levels, tumor sizes and number of HCC loci of reported cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, compared to cases of general hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan
| Clinical status |
Compiled numbers (%) |
P-values |
||||
| HCC patients with AIH (AIH-series) | HCC patients with PBC (PBC-series) | General-HCC patients | AIH-series/General-HCC patients | PBC-series/General-HCC patients | AIH-series/PBC-series | |
| Serum-AFP | Total: 37 | Total: 47 | Total: 15831 | |||
| AFP- (< 15 ng/mL) | 15 (40.5) | 13 (27.7) | 5756 (36.4) | P = 0.597 | P = 0.216 | P = 0.214 |
| AFP + (>= 15 ng/mL) | 22 (59.5) | 34 (72.3) | 10075 (63.6) | |||
| Serum-AFP (ng/mL) | Total: 37 | Total: 47 | Total: 15831 | |||
| (mean ± SD) | (2340.21 ± 8823.45) | (854.18 ± 2263.83) | NA | |||
| < 15 | 15 (40.5) | 13 (27.6) | 5756 (36.4) | |||
| 15-199 | 12 (32.5) | 16 (34.0) | 5786 (36.5) | NA | NA | P = 0.106 |
| 200-399 | 1 (2.7) | 6 (12.8) | 902 (5.7) | (P < 0.001b) | ||
| 400-999 | 3 (8.1) | 2 (4.3) | 907 (5.7) | |||
| >= 1000 | 6 (16.2) | 10 (21.3) | 2480 (15.7) | |||
| Maximum tumor size of HCC | Total: 36 | Total: 48 | Total: 15788 | NA | NA | P = 0.744 |
| (mean ± SD) (cm) | (3.75 ± 2.42) | (3.51 ± 1.69) | NA | (P = 0.028a) | ||
| < 2 | 14 (38.9) | 11 (22.9) | 5123 (32.4) | |||
| 2.1-5.0 | 16 (44.4) | 29 (60.4) | 7434 (47.1) | |||
| >= 5.1 | 6 (16.7) | 8 (16.7) | 3231 (20.5) | |||
| Number of HCC loci | Total: 38 | Total: 49 | Total: 16187 | |||
| (mean ± SD) | (1.58 ± 2.05) | (1.74 ± 1.97) | NA | NA | NA | P = 0.418 |
| Single | 33 (86.8) | 38 (77.6) | 9365 (57.9) | (P = 0.805) | ||
| Double | 2 (5.3) | 7 (14.3) | 2850 (17.6) | |||
| Multiple | 3 (7.9) | 4 (8.1) | 3972 (24.5) | |||
The P-value in the first row was calculated from the χ2 test and Fisher’s exact test. The P-value in the following row was calculated from the Mann-Whitney U-test and the P-value below, indicated in parentheses, was calculated from the F-test.
a
P < 0.05,
b
P < 0.01, Statistically significant. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; PBC: Primary biliary cirrhosis; AFP: α-fetoprotein; SD: Standard deviation; NA: Not available.