Table 1.
Combined targeting of (nuclear) transcription factors
| Tumor type | Metronomic Chemotherapy | No. of patients | Receptor agonist/antagonist | Publications | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPAR α/γ agonista | PPARδ antagonistb | Glucocorticoidc | IFN-αd | ||||
| Kaposi sarcoma | Trofosfamide | 1 | + | + | − | − | Arch Dermatol, 2004 |
| Angiosarcomas | Trofosfamide | 6 | + | + | − | − | Cancer, 2003 |
| Sarcomas I | Trofosfamide | 21 | + | + | − | − | Cancer, 2004 |
| Melanoma I | Trofosfamide | 19 | + | + | − | − | Cancer, 2004 |
| Melanoma II Arm A | 35 | − | − | − | − | Melanoma Research, 2007 | |
| Arm B | 32 | + | + | − | − | ||
| Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis | Trofosfamide | 2 | + | + | − | − | Br. J.Haematol, 2005 |
| Renal clear cell carcinoma I | Capecitabine | 18 | + | + | − | − | Biomarker Insights, 2006 |
| Renal clear cell carinoma II | Capecitabine | 33 | + | + | − | + | Biomarker Insights, 2006 |
| Hormone-refractory prostate cancer | Capecitabine | 36 | + | + | + | − | Lancet Oncology, 2006 ASCO abstract, 2007 |
| Cholangiocellular carcinoma | Capecitabine | 21 | + | + | − | − | Tumor Microenvironment Prague, 2004 (Medimond) |
PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
aPioglitazone
bSelective COX-2 inhibitor
cdexamethasone
dinterferon-α