Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Participants.
| Characteristics | Men (n=995) | Women (n=1177) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 42 ± 10 | 42 ± 9 |
| Body-mass index, kg/m2 | 26.4 ± 3.4 | 24.2 ± 4.1 |
| Diabetes, % | 2.4 | 0.4 |
| Current smoker, % | 36.6 | 35.5 |
| Blood pressure, mm Hg | ||
| Systolic | 119± 10 | 113 ± 12 |
| Diastolic | 77± 7 | 73 ± 8 |
| Blood-pressure category, %* | ||
| Optimal | 40.1 | 64.0 |
| Normal | 34.3 | 22.7 |
| High-normal | 25.6 | 13.3 |
| Biochemical features | ||
| serum sodium, meq/L | 139.3 ± 2.2 | 139.3 ± 2.3 |
| serum creatinine, mg/dl | 1.24 ± 0.22 | 1.06 ± 0.21 |
Values are means ± SD or percent.
*
Participants were categorized into three groups according to their baseline blood pressure: optimal (systolic <120 and diastolic <80mm Hg), normal (systolic 120 to 129 or diastolic 80 to 84 mm Hg), or high-normal (systolic 130 to 139 or diastolic 85 to 89 mm Hg).