Table 1. Incidence of pneumonia and severe pneumonia among children 2–35 months of age, by altitude, Punial and Ishkoman valleys, Pakistan, 1 September 2001 to 31 December 2002.
| Altitude range, in metres | Characteristics of enrolled children |
All health facilities under surveillance |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children enrolled, No. (%)a | CYO, in years (%)a | Pneumonia incidence, per 100 CYOb | Severe pneumonia incidence, per 100 CYOb | Health centres, No.c | Pneumonia cases, No. (%)d | Severe pneumonia cases, No. (%)d | All pneumonia cases, No. (%)e | |||||
| 1675–1980 | 2656 (51) | 2599 (54) | 20 | 8.7 | 8 | 702 (75) | 229 (25) | 931 (53) | ||||
| 1980–2285 | 1511 (29) | 1384 (29) | 40.2 | 8.5 | 4 | 530 (84) | 102 (16) | 632 (36) | ||||
| 2286–2590 | 817 (16) | 706 (15) | 30.5 | 11 | 5 | 165 (82) | 37 (18) | 202 (11) | ||||
| > 2590 | 220 (4) | 160 (3) | NAf | 18.4 | 2 | 0 | 9 (100) | 9 (< 1) | ||||
| All altitudes | 5204 (100) | 4849 (100) | 29.9 | 8.1 | 19 | 1397 (79) | 377 (21) | 1774 (100) | ||||
CYO, child-years of observation; NA, not applicable. a Per cent of all children enrolled at home. b Child-years of observation based on data between 1 November 2001 and 31 December 2002. c Surveillance was stopped at four health centres due to prolonged staff absenteeism or extremely low patient volumes. d Per cent of pneumonia or severe pneumonia cases seen at all facilities under surveillance. e Per cent of all pneumonia cases seen at all facilities under surveillance. f No pneumonia cases reported at this altitude range.