Table 2.

Prevalence of laboratory confirmed reproductive tract/sexually transmitted infections by HIV status among pregnant women in Moshi, Tanzania

	N	%	HIV-positive	HIV-negative
Serology
HIV-1	184/2654	6.9%
Active syphilis	23/2654	0.9%	3.3%	0.7% ***
HSV-2	427/1271	33.6%	43.2%	32.0% **
Chlamydia trachomatis	183/1048	17.5%	30.0%	16.6% **
Cervical & vaginal STIs/RTIs
Neisseria gonorrhoea	13/2555	0.5%	1.6%	0.4% *
Trichomonas vaginalis	129/2555	5.0%	7.1%	4.9%
Bacterial vaginosis	533/2555	20.9%	37.2%	19.6% ***
Candida albicans	292/2555	11.4%	14.2%	11.2%
Any vaginal infection¶	754/2555	29.5%	46.4%	28.2% ***
Clinical STIs
Genital ulcer	41/2555	1.6%	4.4%	1.4% *
Genital warts	11/2555	0.4%	1.1%	0.4%
Any curable STI #	162/2558	6.3%	11.5%	5.9% **
Any curable STI/RTI †	633/2558	24.7%	43.2%	23.3% ***

^¶ Trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis or candidiasis.

# Syphilis, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis.

^† Syphilis, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis.

* p ≤ 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001