Table 1. Summary of the effects of AMP-DNM on glycosphingolipid content and blood glucose homeostasis.
Lean | LepOb | LepOb AMP-DNM | Lean versus LepOb | LepOb versus LepOb AMP-DNM | |
Glucosylceramide (nmol/ml) | 6.20±0.58 | 12.93±2.08 | 3.68±0.99 | P = 0.0001 | P = 0.0022 |
Ceramide (nmol/ml) | 6.77±1.38 | 15.47±2.93 | 12.95±3.02 | P = 0.0003 | n.s. |
HbA1C (%) | 4.92±0.71 | 9.64±1.22 | 5.08±1.06 | P<0.0001 | P = 0.0006 |
Blood glucose (millimolar) | 10,02±0.45 | 16.30±3.95 | 11.58±1.55 | P = 0.0077 | P = 0.0159 |
Insulin (ng/ml) | 0.72±0.27 | 19.91±15.44 | 4.51±0.67 | P = 0.024 | P = 0.032 |
HOMA index | 6.38±2.45 | 259.4±173.8 | 49.71±25.18 | P = 0.001 | P = 0.0077 |
OGTT (Area under the curve) | 1236±114.2 | 2266±202.3 | 1580±33.58 | P<0.0001 | P = 0.0003 |
Data are means±S. E. M. Actual P values are indicated and n.s. means no significant difference (n = 5 animals per group).