Table 2.

Association Between Creatinine-Based Measures of Kidney Function and Functional Limitation Based on Several Methods to Adjust for Muscle Mass

	Creatinine*, OR (95% CI) per SD	Multivariable Adjustment, OR (95% CI) per SD	Standardized Residuals, OR (95% CI) per SD	eGFR†, OR (95% CI) per SD
Women
Kidney function > mean (n = 419)	2.27 (1.75–2.94)	2.56 (1.89–3.47)	2.78 (1.97–3.92)	2.41 (1.83–3.18)
Kidney function < mean (n = 481)	0.57 (0.39–0.82)	0.47 (0.31–0.71)	0.62 (0.45–0.86)	0.71 (0.55–0.92)
Men
Kidney function > mean (n = 273)	1.42 (1.12–1.80)	1.42 (1.09–1.83)	1.33 (1.07–1.65)	1.79 (1.28–2.51)
Kidney function < mean (n = 381)	0.62 (0.37–1.03)	0.57 (0.33–1.01)	0.30 (0.13–0.73)	0.68 (0.48–0.98)

Notes: CI = confidence interval; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; OR = odds ratio; SD = standard deviation.

^*Mean ± standard deviation creatinine is 0.97 ± 0.20 mg/dL in women and 1.15 ± 0.23 mg/dL in men.

^†Based on the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation, mean ± standard deviation eGFR is 63 ± 13 mL/min/1.73 m² in women and 70 ± 13 mL/min/1.73 m² in men.