Table 1.
Participant Characteristics and Baseline Hemodynamics
| Variable | 1966 |
1996 | 2006 | |
| Baseline | After Bed Rest | |||
| Height (cm) | 184 | 184 | 185 | 183 |
| Weight (kg) | 77 (15) | 76 (14) | 100 (37) | 91 (31) |
| Body % fat | 13.9 (4.1) | 15.7 (4.5) | 28.0 (3.0) | 28.0 (10.0) |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 67 (12) | 64 (12) | 69 (21) | 63 (3) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 131 (23) | 134 (10) | 140 (4) | 128 (17) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 75 (14) | 74 (10) | 88 (7) | 83 (9) |
| HR (b.p.m.) | 76 (27) | 83 (15) | 90 (17) | 87 (23) |
| VO2 (mL/min) | 0.3 (0.04) | 0.3 (0.09) | 0.4 (0.13) | 0.4 (0.09) |
| CO (L/min) | 5.7 (1.3) | 4.9 (0.7) | 5.9 (1.1) | 4.9 (0.5) |
| SV (mL/beat) | 79 (23) | 60 (13) | 68 (18) | 64 (13) |
| AV-DO2 (vol%) | 5.8 (1.2) | 7.0 (2.3) | 6.1 (1.2) | 7.3 (1.7) |
Note: HR = heart rate; VO2 = oxygen uptake; CO = cardiac output; SV = stroke volume; AV-DO2 = arteriovenous oxygen difference.