Table 3.

Odds ratio of Individual Hormones Predicting Frailty Status

	Age Adjusted Odds Ratio		Multivariate Adjusted Odds Ratio*
Hormone	Prefrail vs Nonfrail	Frail vs Nonfrail	Prefrail vs Nonfrail	Frail vs Nonfrail
IGF-1 deficiency† (<87.8 μg/L)	1.50 (0.95–2.37)	1.75 (0.87–3.50)	1.89 (1.10–3.26)	1.82 (0.81–4.08)
DHEAS deficiency† (<0.20 μg/L)	1.70 (1.04–2.78)	2.22 (1.10–4.48)	1.70 (0.93–3.10)	1.68 (0.77–3.69)
Free testosterone deficiency† (<0.7 pg/mL)	1.07 (0.66–1.74)	1.80 (0.90–3.58)	1.40 (0.78–2.52)	2.03 (0.89–4.64)

Notes: IGF-1 = insulin-like growth factor-1; DHEAS = dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate.

^*Adjusted for age, race, education, smoking status, body mass index, number of diseases, corticosteroid use, and estrogen use (n = 485 with complete data on covariates).

^†For each hormone, deficiency was defined as the bottom quartile.