Table 2.
Serum folate (nmol/L) and plasma concentrations (μmol/L) of betaine, choline, glycerophosphocholine (GPCho), phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) and sphingomyelin (SM) in Mexican-American women differing in MTHFR C677T genotype (14 CC, 12 CT, 17 TT) at baseline (0), after 7 weeks of folate restriction with 135 μg dietary folate equivalents (DFE)/day (7–135), and after 7 weeks of folate treatment with 400 μg DFE/day (14–400; 7 CC, 6 CT, 9 TT) or 800 μg DFE/day (14–800; 7 CC, 6 CT, 8 TT) or 400 and 800 μg DFE/day combined (14—overall)
| Metabolite | Week-folate intake (μg DFE/day) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 7–135 | 14–400 | 14–800 | 14—overall | |
| Betaine | |||||
| CC | 28.6 (2.5) | 27.4 (2.3) | 25.3 (2.6) | 26.3 (3.8) | 25.8 (2.2) |
| CT | 27.4 (2.5) | 28.7 (2.7) | 27.5 (2.4) | 24.0 (3.7) | 25.7 (2.2) |
| TT | 26.1 (2.4) | 23.6 (2.2) | 21.2 (2.7) | 25.8 (4.5) | 23.4 (2.5) |
| Overall | 27.3 (1.4) | 26.3 (1.4) | 24.2 (1.6) | 25.4 (2.3) | 24.8 (1.4) |
| Choline | |||||
| CC | 13.0 (1.4) | 11.7 (0.9) | 11.3 (1.2) | 10.5 (1.2) | 11.7 (0.9) |
| CT | 11.1 (1.3) | 11.6 (1.4) | 9.3 (2.0) | 12.9 (1.8) | 11.1 (1.1) |
| TT | 12.5 (0.9) | 11.9 (1.1) | 9.5 (1.3) | 14.2 (1.7) | 11.7 (1.1) |
| Overall | 12.3 (0.7) | 11.7 (0.6) | 10.5 (0.9) | 12.6 (0.9) | 11.5 (0.6) |
| GPCho | |||||
| CC | 28.5 (2.0) | 28.2 (2.3) | 26.5 (2.2) | 25.6 (3.3) | 26.0 (1.9) |
| CT | 29.0 (2.4) | 26.6 (2.3) | 27.5 (3.2) | 32.9 (5.3) | 30.2 (3.1) |
| TT | 27.9 (2.0) | 28.3 (1.9) | 27.6 (3.3) | 34.6 (7.3) | 30.9 (3.8) |
| Overall | 28.4 (1.2) | 27.8 (1.2) | 27.3 (1.7) | 31.1 (3.3) | 29.1 (1.8) |
| PtdCho | |||||
| CC | 1911 (93) | 1728 (78) | 1760 (187) | 1927 (118) | 1844 (109) |
| CT | 1727 (120) | 1533 (116) | 1476 (192) | 1744 (183) | 1610 (133) |
| TT | 1872 (82) | 1808 (66) | 1767 (101) | 1801 (84) | 1784 (63) |
| Overalla,b | 1844 (55) | 1705 (50)* | 1686 (92) | 1827 (71)+ | 1755 (57)† |
| SM | |||||
| CC | 718 (57) | 671 (57) | 679 (60) | 741 (108) | 710 (60) |
| CT | 603 (37) | 580 (29) | 592 (70) | 606 (50) | 599 (41) |
| TT | 593 (31) | 561 (28) | 586 (57) | 594 (47) | 590 (36) |
| Overalla | 637 (26) | 602 (24)* | 617 (36) | 646 (43) | 631 (27)* |
| Serum folate | |||||
| CC | 34.0 (3.6) | 16.5 (1.6) | 19.3 (1.4) | 42.1 (4.3) | 30.6 (3.9) |
| CT | 28.6 (2.9) | 11.6 (1.1) | 18.6 (1.6) | 34.0 (2.5) | 26.3 (2.7) |
| TT | 29.7 (2.3) | 10.9 (0.9) | 14.3 (2.0) | 38.5 (3.4) | 25.6 (3.6) |
| Overalla,b | 30.8 (1.7) | 12.9 (0.7)* | 17.0 (1.1) | 38.3 (2.1)+ | 27.4 (2.0)* |
Results are presented as mean (S.E.M.).
An overall week effect ( P <.05) was detected between the values in the same row (repeated measures ANOVA).
A week by folate interaction ( P <.05) was detected for this variable (repeated measures ANOVA).
Denote differences between Weeks 0 vs. 7 or 7 vs. 14 at P <.05.
Denote differences in the response variable to 800 vs. 400 μg DFE/day.
Denote differences at P≥.05 and P ≤.1.