Table 3.
Means by Integrity Subgroups
| Low |
Medium |
High |
||||||
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | ANOVA | ||
| Background | N = 46 | N = 48 | N = 57 | F(2, 150) | η2 | |||
| Age | 78.98ab | 8.11 | 73.88a | 9.07 | 71.89b | 5.98 | 11.08*** | .130 |
| Education | 13.13a | 1.96 | 13.38b | 1.98 | 14.58ab | 2.61 | 6.73** | .079 |
| Vocabulary | 18.22a | 6.46 | 19.19b | 5.70 | 25.77ab | 8.02 | 18.90*** | .203 |
| MMSE | 27.43a | 1.45 | 26.78a | 0.93 | 29.28a | 0.77 | 77.85*** | .512 |
| SR-average | 4.55a | 1.31 | 7.10a | 0.94 | 8.26a | 1.13 | 139.77*** | .654 |
| SR-delayed | 2.74a | 1.83 | 6.02a | 1.70 | 7.65a | 2.04 | 89.01*** | .546 |
| Category Fluency | 12.67a | 2.40 | 15.16a | 2.98 | 18.73a | 3.23 | 56.17*** | .431 |
| Interpretation | N = 25 | N = 32 | N = 33 | F(2, 89) | η2 | |||
| Precise | 5.04 | 0.77 | 4.93 | 0.81 | 5.18 | 0.82 | 0.72 | .016 |
| Less precise | 4.32 | 1.12 | 4.30 | 1.07 | 3.98 | 1.24 | 0.85 | .019 |
| Summary | 2.36a | 1.88 | 1.85b | 1.50 | 0.74ab | 0.99 | 9.49*** | .169 |
| Irrelevant | 1.43a | 1.44 | 0.89 | 1.15 | 0.36a | 0.62 | 6.92** | .137 |
| Discrimination | 2.79a | 1.41 | 3.24b | 1.42 | 4.03ab | 1.15 | 6.62** | .132 |
| Inference type | N = 21 | N = 16 | N = 24 | F(2, 58) | η2 | |||
| Necessary | 17.81 | 11.49 | 12.63 | 7.80 | 15.83 | 12.02 | 1.03 | .034 |
| Elaborative | 71.24 | 30.12 | 59.00 | 28.32 | 62.33 | 24.89 | 1.01 | .034 |
| Inference specificity | ||||||||
| Specific | 65.24 | 26.19 | 52.94 | 27.41 | 58.67 | 22.26 | 1.11 | .037 |
| Generalized | 23.81 | 15.00 | 18.69 | 9.16 | 19.50 | 9.10 | 1.14 | .038 |
| Total | 89.05 | 35.15 | 71.63 | 32.97 | 78.17 | 28.81 | 1.41 | .046 |
Notes: MMSE = Mini-Mental State Exam. SR = selective reminding. Older participants (aged 60+ years) from Experiments 1 and 2 (N = 151). Matching subscripts across rows indicate significant mean differences.
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.