Effect of the P2X1 antagonists (MRS2159 and NF449) on HlyA-induced hemolysis in equine, murine, and human erythrocytes. (A) Erythrocytes were incubated with HlyA-containing E. coli supernatant and increasing concentrations of MRS2159 (mean ± SEM, n = 7–8). (B) Erythrocytes were incubated with purified HlyA and increasing concentrations of NF449 (mean ± SEM, n = 5–6). (C) Effect of 250 μM MRS2159 in hemolysis induced by purified HlyA. (D) Immunoblotting with an antibody directed against P2X1 receptor (diluted 1:200); right panel shows a parallel blot with peptide preadsorption. Protein isolation and immunoblotting were repeated three times, with similar results.