Table 1.

Patient Characteristics

Characteristic	Standard (n=76)	Empathy (n=82)	Hypnosis (n=78)
Age – years; median (range)	50 (18 –82)	47 (19–86)	49 (22–84)
Weight – kg; median (range)	71 (48–108)	70 (43–154)	69 (41–116)
Ethnicity
Caucasian	57	67	66
African American	10	8	7
Hispanic	5	2	2
Asian	4	3	3
Pacific Islander	0	1	0
More than one	0	1	0
Age of menarche – years; median (range)	12.5 (9–17)	12.7 (9–17)	12.7 (10–16.5)
State Anxiety – STAI-Y; median (range)	47 (20–77)	49 (20–64)	47 (20–77)
Image Guidance
Ultrasound	43	55	48
Stereotactic mammography	33	27	30
Biopsy result
Cancer	17	22	19
Benign	34	36	38
Increased risk lesion*	6	5	4
Biopsy not completed, assumed benign lesion¶	12	10	9
Biopsy not completed because of technical reasons††	7	9	8

^*Increased risk lesions were defined as those which may not be clearly malignant but for which surgical removal is recommended (e.g., atypical lobular hyperplasia, atypical ductal hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ).

^¶Lesions were assumed to be benign when aspiration yielded fluid (cysts) or imaging during biopsy attempt showed the lesion to be smaller or resolved

^††Biopsies were not completed for technical reasons such as the lesion being too close to the chest wall or skin, and surgical biopsy was recommended.