Table 1. Characteristics of 1,666 persons with HIV infection prescribed primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), by nonadherence to prophylaxis – Supplement to HIV/AIDS Surveillance (SHAS) project, 2000–2004.
| Characteristics | Primary PCP Prophylaxis | |
| Nonadherent* | Adherent* | |
| N = 305 | N = 1,361 | |
| n (%) | n (%) | |
| Year of SHAS interview† | ||
| 2000 | 45 (14.7) | 111 (8.2) |
| 2001 | 82 (26.9) | 407 (29.9) |
| 2002 | 93 (30.5) | 411 (30.2) |
| 2003 | 60 (19.7) | 333 (24.5) |
| 2004 | 25 (8.2) | 99 (7.3) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 240 (78.7) | 1040 (76.4) |
| Female | 65 (21.3) | 321 (23.6) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 67 (22.0) | 273 (20.1) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 179 (58.7) | 762 (56.6) |
| Hispanic | 46 (15.1) | 269 (19.8) |
| Other | 13 (4.3) | 57 (4.7) |
| Age group (years) | ||
| 18–29 | 38 (12.5) | 126 (9.3) |
| 30–39 | 112 (40.0) | 498 (36.6) |
| 40–49 | 113 (37.0) | 550 (40.4) |
| ≥50 | 32 (10.5) | 187 (13.7) |
| Employed | ||
| Yes | 92 (30.2) | 383 (28.1) |
| No | 213 (69.8) | 978 (71.9) |
| Current annual income | ||
| <$10,000 | 161 (57.8) | 666 (48.9) |
| $10,000–20,000 | 53 (17.4) | 265 (19.5) |
| ≥$20,000 | 70 (22.9) | 322 (23.7) |
| Unknown or refused to answer | 21 (6.9) | 108 (7.9) |
| Education | ||
| <High school/General Equivalency Diploma (GED) | 94 (30.8) | 446 (32.8) |
| High school/GED | 95 (31.1) | 433 (31.8) |
| >High school/GED | 116 (38.0) | 482 (35.4) |
| Medical insurance | ||
| Yes | 240 (78.7) | 1,075 (79.0) |
| No | 65 (21.3) | 286 (21.0) |
| Region of residence‡ | ||
| Northeast | 25 (8.2) | 73 (5.4) |
| South | 155 (50.8) | 728 (53.5) |
| Midwest | 48 (15.7) | 212 (15.6) |
| West | 77 (25.2) | 348 (25.6) |
| Current living situation | ||
| Alone | 100 (32.8) | 403 (29.6) |
| With partner, family, or friend | 172 (56.4) | 837 (61.5) |
| In a medical facility | 10 (3.3) | 42 (3.1) |
| In shelter | 15 (4.9) | 47 (3.4) |
| Other± | 8 (2.6) | 32 (2.3) |
| Illicit drug use in past year§ † | ||
| No | 142 (46.6) | 899 (66.0) |
| Marijuana only | 54 (17.7) | 179 (13.1) |
| Non-injection drugs other than marijuana | 81 (26.6) | 233 (17.1) |
| Injection drug use | 28 (9.2) | 50 (3.7) |
| Risk for alcoholism|| † | ||
| Yes | 103 (33.8) | 328 (24.1) |
| No | 202 (66.2) | 1.033 (75.9) |
| Mental health described as not good ≥1 day during the last month† | ||
| Yes | 232 (76.1) | 821 (60.3) |
| No | 73 (23.9) | 540 (39.7) |
| Recent CD4 count (cells/μL)† | ||
| <200 | 160 (52.5) | 536 (39.4) |
| ≥200 | 77 (25.2) | 393 (28.9) |
| Unknown/missing | 68 (22.3) | 432 (31.7) |
| Viral load (copies/mL)† | ||
| ≤5000 | 108 (35.4) | 525 (38.6) |
| >5,000 | 74 (24.3) | 240 (17.6) |
| Unknown/missing | 123 (40.3) | 596 (43.8) |
| Current PCP medication prescribed | ||
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 243 (79.7) | 1078 (79.2) |
| Dapsone | 37 (12.1) | 169 (12.4) |
| Other/unknown | 25 (8.2) | 114 (8.4) |
| Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the past month† | ||
| On ART, always adherent | 59 (19.3) | 910 (66.9) |
| On ART, usually adherent | 125 (41.0) | 194 (14.2) |
| On ART, sometimes, rarely, or never adherent | 59 (19.3) | 44 (3.2) |
| On ART, unknown or missing information about adherence | 20 (6.6) | 104 (7.6) |
| Not on ART | 42 (13.8) | 109 (8.0) |
| Total number of pills prescribed for daily use | ||
| 1–3 | 87 (28.5) | 371 (27.3) |
| 4–5 | 120 (39.3) | 515 (37.8) |
| ≥6 | 98 (32.1) | 475 (34.9) |
| Recruitment type | ||
| Facility-based | 192 (62.9) | 894 (65.7) |
| Population-based | 113 (37.0) | 467 (34.3) |
*
Column percentages may not total 100% because of rounding.
†
P-value <0.05 when comparing persons nonadherent with those adherent to PCP prophylaxis.
‡
Regions defined by U.S. Census Bureau; for SHAS sites included in this analysis, Northeast comprises NJ, CT, and PA; South comprises GA, MD, FL, SC, DE, and TX; Midwest comprises IL, KS, MI, and MN; and West comprises AZ, CA, CO, NM, and WA.
±
Other responses included correctional institution, refused to answer, and other responses which did not fit into the listed response categories.
§
Categories are mutually exclusive.
||
Defined as answering yes to at least 2 of the CAGE screening questions and reporting alcohol use in the past year.