Table 2.
Macronutrient intake by metabolic syndrome status in men and women, Strong Heart Study (2nd examination, 1993–1995), (N = 1516)
| Men | P value | Women | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic syndrome | Metabolic syndrome | |||||
| Yes | No | Yes | No | |||
| Energy (kcal) | 2093 ± 882 | 2074 ± 942 | 0.81 | 1739 ± 677 | 1739 ± 632 | 0.99 |
| Total fat | ||||||
| (g) | 84.6 ± 44.8 | 83.1 ± 46.6 | 0.69 | 67.0 ± 33.6 | 67.8 ± 31.1 | 0.72 |
| % of calories | 35.8 ± 9.0 | 35.5 ± 10.3 | 0.66 | 34.2 ± 9.3 | 35.0 ± 8.9 | 0.22 |
| Saturated fatty acids | ||||||
| (g) | 28.8 ± 15.2 | 28.7 ± 17.0 | 0.91 | 22.8 ± 12.1 | 22.9 ± 11.7 | 0.86 |
| % of calories | 12.3 ± 3.7 | 12.2 ± 4.1 | 0.76 | 11.7 ± 3.9 | 11.8 ± 3.8 | 0.70 |
| Monounsaturated fatty acids | ||||||
| (g) | 32.8 ± 18.4 | 32.0 ± 19.1 | 0.63 | 25.5 ± 13.7 | 25.5 ± 12.7 | 0.99 |
| % of calories | 13.8 ± 4.1 | 13.6 ± 4.5 | 0.49 | 13.0 ± 4.1 | 13.1 ± 3.9 | 0.61 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids | ||||||
| (g) | 15.5 ± 11.5 | 14.6 ± 9.6 | 0.33 | 12.6 ± 8.1 | 13.3 ± 7.8 | 0.16 |
| % of calories | 6.5 ± 3.1 | 6.3 ± 3.1 | 0.61 | 6.4 ± 3.0 | 6.9 ± 3.3 | 0.008 |
| Omega 3 | ||||||
| (g) | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 0.56 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.24 |
| % of calories | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.96 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.08 |
| Omega 6 | ||||||
| (g) | 13.9 ± 10.4 | 13.1 ± 8.7 | 0.31 | 11.3 ± 7.3 | 12.0 ± 7.1 | 0.16 |
| % of calories | 5.8 ± 2.8 | 5.7 ± 2.8 | 0.62 | 5.7 ± 2.7 | 6.2 ± 3.0 | 0.008 |
| Trans fatty acids | ||||||
| (g) | 5.8 ± 4.2 | 5.5 ± 4.2 | 0.39 | 4.8 ± 3.6 | 4.7 ± 3.3 | 0.73 |
| % of calories | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 2.3 ± 1.4 | 0.44 | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 2.4 ± 1.3 | 0.90 |
| Carbohydrates | ||||||
| (g) | 255 ± 119 | 246 ± 127 | 0.41 | 222 ± 98 | 222 ± 97 | 0.92 |
| % of calories | 48.9 ± 11.3 | 47.7 ± 12.3 | 0.25 | 51.3 ± 11.8 | 51.0 ± 11.2 | 0.66 |
| Simple carbohydrates | ||||||
| (g) | 105 ± 72 | 92 ± 73 | 0.04 | 97 ± 64 | 99 ± 65 | 0.66 |
| % of calories | 19.8 ± 10.6 | 17.4 ± 11.1 | 0.01 | 22.2 ± 12.0 | 22.2 ± 10.9 | 0.96 |
| % of carbohydrates | 39.1 ± 17.1 | 35.2 ± 17.8 | 0.009 | 41.8 ± 17.3 | 42.6 ± 16.3 | 0.48 |
| Protein | ||||||
| (g) | 77.5 ± 34.9 | 80.6 ± 40.3 | 0.32 | 65.9 ± 29.7 | 63.9 ± 27.0 | 0.30 |
| % of calories | 15.3 ± 4.3 | 15.8 ± 4.4 | 0.13 | 15.3 ± 4.3 | 15.0 ± 4.4 | 0.26 |
| Animal protein | ||||||
| (g) | 49.5 ± 29.4 | 50.5 ± 33.4 | 0.72 | 42.3 ± 25.4 | 40.8 ± 23.6 | 0.36 |
| % of calories | 9.8 ± 4.8 | 9.9 ± 5.0 | 0.91 | 9.7 ± 4.6 | 9.5 ± 4.8 | 0.57 |
| Vegetable protein | ||||||
| (g) | 27.7 ± 15.8 | 29.8 ± 19.1 | 0.15 | 23.4 ± 12.2 | 22.9 ± 12.0 | 0.56 |
| % of calories | 5.4 ± 2.4 | 5.9 ± 2.9 | 0.02 | 5.5 ± 2.3 | 5.4 ± 2.2 | 0.36 |