Table 1.
Growth factors delivered to promote tissue formation
| Growth factor | MW/kDa | Functions | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| NGF | 27 | Promotes neuron survival and extension in CNS and PNS; modulates differentiation of various neuron types in vivo and in vitro; role in tissue repair and fibrosis | 73,77,131–133 |
| IGF-1 | 27.9 | Mediates actions of GH; increases proteoglycans and type II collagen synthesis | 134–137 |
| IGF-2 | 35.1 | Promotes myogenic differentiation of ES cells | 138 |
| EGF | 6.2 | Wound healing | 139 |
| FGF-1 | 17.5 | Would healing, vascular repair; fibroblast mitogen | 140,141 |
| FGF-2 | 17.3 | Chondrogenesis; angiogenesis; neuronal and endothelial cell proliferation | 103,142–145 |
| PDGF | 22–25 | Maturation of blood vessels, recruitment of SMCs to developing vasculature; wound healing; neural regeneration | 83,146–148 |
| BMP-2 | 44.7 | Osteogenesis; angiogenesis | 149–152 |
| TGF-β1 | 25 | Promotes chondrogenic differentiation; increases cartilage matrix synthesis and chondrocyte proliferation | 153–156 |
| VEGF | 19–22 | Angiogenesis; vasculogenesis; osteogenesis; neurotrophic factor for motor neurons; cartilage remodeling | 86,149,150,157–160 |