Table 2.
Numbers (percentages) of children reporting Wong Baker face pain scores of differing severity (from 1 (no pain) to 6 (severe pain)) at baseline, 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after treatment. Denominators vary (190 to 197) as observations were missing for some patients at one or more time points
| Time (minutes)* | Nasal diamorphine group
|
Intramuscular morphine group
|
P value† | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |||
| 0 | 2 (1) | 4 (2) | 19 (10) | 51 (26) | 55 (28) | 66 (34) | 5 (2) | 5 (2) | 18 (9) | 39 (20) | 55 (28) | 74 (38) | 0.77 | |
| 5 | 12 (6) | 24 (12) | 47 (24) | 54 (27) | 42 (21) | 18 (9) | 10 (5) | 16 (8) | 37 (19) | 60 (31) | 38 (20) | 32 (17) | 0.04 | |
| 10 | 23 (12) | 49 (25) | 54 (28) | 49 (25) | 16 (8) | 5 (3) | 22 (11) | 31 (16) | 50 (26) | 46 (24) | 29 (15) | 17 (9) | 0.003 | |
| 20 | 42 (22) | 57 (30) | 55 (29) | 23 (12) | 8 (4) | 5 (3) | 32 (16) | 45 (23) | 52 (27) | 35 (18) | 23 (12) | 7 (4) | 0.002 | |
| 30 | 54 (28) | 65 (34) | 36 (19) | 24 (13) | 7 (4) | 5 (3) | 48 (25) | 61 (32) | 42 (22) | 23 (12) | 11 (6) | 8 (4) | 0.20 | |
*
Mean time at which observations were made did not differ significantly between groups (intramuscular morphine – nasal diamorphine mean observation times: 5 minutes, difference=0.2 minutes, t=0.86, P=0.39; 10 minutes, difference=0.6 minutes, t=1.24, P=0.21; 20 minutes, difference=0.3 minutes, t=0.58, P=0.56; 30 minutes, difference=0.4 minutes, t=0.51, P=0.61).
†
χ2 tests for trend.