Table 2.
Regions of Interest (ROI) used to examine effects of Confidence Level (CONF: High or Low) and Recognition Accuracy (ACC: Correct or Incorrect) that showed greater activity during low confidence compared to high confidence trials.
Region | Coordinates | # Voxels | Main Effects | Interactions | Effects in Younger Adults Related to Interaction | Effects in Older Adults Related to Interaction |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Left DLPFC | −39 21 24 | 190 | CONF:F(1,30)=18.72, p<0.0002, ηp2=0.38 | n.s. | ||
Right DLPFC | 39 36 27 | 49 | CONF:F(1,30)=20.97, p<0.00008, ηp2=0.41 | CONF × Age: F(1,30)=8.15, p<0.008, ηp2=0.21 | CONF: F(1,15)=15.40, p<0.001, ηp2=0.51 | CONF:F(1,15)=7.23, p<0.017, ηp2=0.33 |
Left VLPFC | −33 24 −6 | 134 | CONF: F(1,30)=24.14, p<0.00003, ηp2=0.45 | ACC × Age: F(1,30)=6.10, p<0.019, ηp2=0.17 | ACC: F(1,15)=5.75, p<0.030, ηp2=0.28 | ACC: n.s., ηp2=0.051 |
Right VLPFC | 36 24 −9 | 229 | CONF: F(1,30)=29.07, p<0.00001, ηp2=0.49 | CONF × Age: F(1,30)=4.93, p<0.034, ηp2=0.14 | CONF: F(1,16)=18.90, p<0.001, ηp2=0.56 | CONF: F(1,16)=10.77, p<0.005, ηp2=0.42 |
ACC × Age: F(1,30)=5.50, p<0.025, ηp2=0.16 | ACC: F(1,15)=5.53, p<0.033, ηp2=0.27 | ACC: n.s., ηp2=0.04 | ||||
Anterior Cingulate Cortex | 0 21 48 | 465 | CONF: F(1,30)=46.76, p<0.00001, ηp2=0.70 | CONF × Age: F(1,30)=6.68, p<0.015, ηp2=0.18 | CONF: F(1,15)=30.23, p<0.00007, ηp2=0.67 | CONF:F(1,15)=17.03, p<0.001, ηp2=0.53 |
ACC: F(1,30)=4.19, P<0.049, ηp2=0.12 | ACC × Age: F(1,30)=8.98, p<0.005, ηp2=0.23 | ACC: F(1,15)=8.53, p<0.011, ηp2=0.36 | ACC: n.s., ηp2=0.06 | |||
Left Inferior Parietal Lobule | −33 −57 48 | 333 | CONF: F(1,30)=40.92, p<0.00001, ηp2=0.58 | CONF × Age: F(1,30)=7.15, p<0.012, ηp2=0.19 | CONF: F(1,16)=31.90, p<0.00005, ηp2=0.68 | CONF: F(1,16)=9.76, p<0.007, ηp2=0.39 |
ACC × Age: F(1,30)=4.43, p<0.044, ηp2=0.13 | ACC: F(1,15)=4.27, p<0.056, ηp2=0.22 | ACC: n.s., ηp2=0.031 |
Note: Main effects of condition (CONF, ACC) and interactions between conditions or group (Age: Younger or Older) from a Mixed ANOVA are reported. For significant interactions, results from relevant within groups ANOVAs are reported. Partial eta-squared (ηp2) values are reported as a measure of effect size.