Table 3.

 Estimated differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure associated with dietary red meat intake (g/24 h) higher by 2 SD† (g/24 h) in 4680 adults

Model	Difference (99% CI)
	Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
Total red meat (g/24 h):
1	1.59 (0.48 to 2.69)***	0.90 (0.14 to 1.66)**
2	1.28 (0.17 to 2.39)**	0.76 (−0.01 to 1.52)
3	1.25 (0.04 to 2.45)**	0.73 (−0.10 to 1.56)
4a	1.23 (0.02 to 2.44)**	0.74 (−0.10 to 1.57)
4b	1.18 (−0.04 to 2.39)	0.67 (−0.17 to 1.51)
4c	1.21 (0.01 to 2.41)**	0.74 (−0.09 to 1.58)
4d	1.28 (0.08 to 2.49)**	0.75 (−0.08 to 1.59)
4e	0.98 (−0.25 to 2.21)	0.59 (−0.27 to 1.44)
4f	1.51 (0.12 to 2.90)**	0.91 (−0.05 to 1.87)
4g	1.22 (0.02 to 2.43)**	0.73 (−0.10 to 1.57)
4h	1.62 (0.28 to 2.95)***	0.93 (0.01 to 1.86)**
Beef (g/24 h):
1	1.34 (0.30 to 2.39)***	0.70 (−0.02 to 1.45)
2	1.13 (0.09 to 2.17)**	0.59 (−0.15 to 1.31)
3	0.99 (−0.10 to 2.07)	0.50 (−0.25 to 1.26)
4a	0.97 (−0.11 to 2.06)	0.51 (−0.25 to 1.20)
4b	0.96 (−0.13 to 2.04)	0.51 (−0.27 to 1.24)
4c	0.96 (−0.12 to 2.05)	0.48 (−0.24 to 1.29)
4d	0.98 (−0.10 to 2.06)	0.51 (−0.25 to 1.26)
4e	0.78 (−0.32 to 1.88)	0.51 (−0.37 to 1.10)
4f	1.14 (−0.11 to 2.39)	0.39 (−0.25 to 1.48)
4g	1.01 (−0.08 to 2.09)	0.61 (−0.23 to 1.28)
4h	1.09 (−0.05 to 2.22)	0.53 (−0.58 to 1.37)

1=age, sex, sample, height, weight, special diet, supplement use, physical activity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, family history of hypertension; 2=plus urinary sodium, urinary potassium, and alcohol; 3=plus cholesterol, saturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids; 4a=plus fibre; 4b=or plus vegetable protein; 4c=or plus magnesium; 4d=or plus phosphorus; 4e=or plus calcium; 4f=or plus haem iron; 4g=or plus non-haem iron; 4h=or plus animal protein.

**P<0.01.

***P<0.001.

†2 SD difference: 102.6 g/24 h (red meat) and 75.6 g/24 h (beef).