Table 2.

Factors associated with (a) light/intermittent versus moderate/heavy smoking and (b) intermittent versus daily smoking among Asian Americans, California Health Interview Survey, 2003

	Odds ratio for light/intermittent versus moderate/heavy smoking (95% CI)	p value	Odds ratio for intermittent versus daily smoking (95% CI)	p value
Age (years)
18–24 (reference)
25–44	0.73 (0.24–2.27)	.59	0.43 (0.14–1.30)	.13
45–64	0.45 (0.14–1.48)	.19	0.41 (0.13–1.26)	.12
≥65	0.90 (0.17–4.86)	.90	0.34 (0.09–1.37)	.13
Gender
Men (reference)
Women	2.12 (1.14–3.94)	.02*	2.25 (1.08–4.72)	.03*
Marital status
Married (reference)
Formerly married	0.89 (0.33–2.36)	.81	0.75 (0.28–2.02)	.56
Single	1.40 (0.60–3.25)	.43	0.95 (0.39–2.33)	.91
Education
<High school degree (reference)
High school grad/college	1.53 (0.59–3.95)	.38	1.41 (0.53–3.73)	.48
≥College grad	3.16 (1.21–8.28)	.02*	2.41 (0.80–7.26)	.12
Poverty
0%–99% FPL (reference)
100%–199% FPL	0.59 (0.23–1.52)	.27	0.42 (0.16–1.15)	.09
200%–299% FPL	0.49 (0.16–1.47)	.20	0.18 (0.06–0.58)	.005*
≥300% FPL	0.48 (0.19–1.23)	.12	0.50 (0.21–1.20)	.12
National origin
Chinese (reference)
Filipino	0.72 (0.29–1.78)	.47	1.31 (0.47–3.65)	.60
South Asian	0.62 (0.22–1.79)	.38	1.83 (0.63–5.34)	.26
Japanese	0.50 (0.14–1.76)	.28	0.50 (0.13–1.89)	.30
Korean	0.32 (0.13–0.79)	.01*	0.62 (0.24–1.61)	.32
Vietnamese	1.67 (0.69–4.05)	.25	1.93 (0.66–5.64)	.22
Other	0.42 (0.12–1.42)	.16	1.15 (0.24–5.57)	.86
Nativity
U.S. born (reference)
Foreign born	0.53 (0.20–1.43)	.21	0.71 (0.25–2.01)	.51
English proficiency
English only (reference)
Bilingual high	2.83 (1.21–6.64)	.02*	1.79 (0.70–4.59)	.22
Bilingual low	2.02 (0.75–5.42)	.16	2.26 (0.77–6.60)	.13

Note. FPL, federal poverty level; *Statistically significant.