Endocrine responses to cold exposure. Plasma harvested from PAM+/− and WT mice (n/group = 8–11) housed at room temperature or at 4 C for 2 h was assayed for T4 (A), norepinephrine (B), and corticosterone (C); error bars, sem. Univariate analysis of variance revealed the following significance of cold exposure: T4, P = 0.005; norepinephrine, P = 0.032; corticosterone, P < 0.0005. One-way ANOVAs revealed the following PAM+/− responses to cold: T4, P = 0.031; norepinephrine, P = 0.013. An additional one-way ANOVA revealed a significant increase in baseline corticosterone in PAM+/− mice, P = 0.039. D, UCP1 mRNA levels (normalized to GAPDH) were quantified in brown adipose tissue harvested from PAM+/− (n = 6) and WT (n = 6) mice kept at room temperature or 4 C for 120 min. The average level in WT mice housed at room temperature was normalized to 1.0; error bars, sem. In PAM+/− mice, one-way ANOVAs revealed a significant decrease in baseline UCP1 expression (P = 0.004) and a significant increase in cold-stimulated UCP1 expression (P = 0.01). Asterisk, See Statistical analysis for P-values.