Table 1.

Studies of Neurological Soft Signs in Antipsychotic-Naive, Primarily First-Episode Patients With Schizophrenia

Study	NSS Scale	N	Comparison Group
John32	NES	40	30 Healthy controls
Mittal36	NSSS	19	None
Varambally37	CARS and NES	32	32 Healthy controls
Emsley38	NES	66	None
Sanders39	NES	59	51 Healthy controls; 27 other psychotic disorders
Keshavan40	NES	90	93 Healthy controls; 39 other psychotic disorders
Venkatasubramanian41	NES	21	21 Healthy controls
Shibre42	NES	200	78 Healthy controls
Browne22	NES and CNE	35	None
Gupta43	Clinical examination	26	117 Healthy controls; 126 medicated schizophrenia
Sanders44	NES	17	15 Healthy controls

Note: NSS, neurological soft signs; NES, Neurological Evaluation Scale; NSSS, Neurological Soft Sign Scale; CARS, Co-operative Ataxia Rating Scale; CNE, Condensed Neurological Examination.