Table 3.

Association of ESR, anti-dsDNA level, C3 level, C4 level, and SLEDAI-2K score with higher overall scores on the BILAG-2004 index^*

Construct	OR (95% CI)
ESR
Elevated (31–60 mm/hour)	2.1 (1.4–3.0)
Markedly elevated (>60 mm/hour)	2.9 (1.4–6.2)
Anti-dsDNA level
Elevated	1.5 (0.99–2.1)
Very high (>5 times the ULN)	2.7 (1.6–4.8)
C3 level
Very low (less than or equal to half the LLN)	5.0 (1.6–15.5)
Low	2.5 (1.8–3.5)
C4 level
Very low (less than or equal to half the LLN)	4.2 (2.5–6.9)
Low	1.7 (1.2–2.3)
SLEDAI-2K score
Mildly active (1–3)	3.0 (2.1–4.4)
Active (4–12)	20.0 (13.6–29.5)
Very active (>12)	232.7 (108.4–499.2)

^*The overall score on the BILAG-2004 index was the highest score achieved in any system in the index. OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval (see Table 2 for other definitions).