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. 2009 Apr 10;5(4):e1000371. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000371

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.

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2×10⁵ thioglycollate-elicited macrophages from (WT) control Arg1^flox/flox (A,C) and (KO) Arg1 ^−/flox ;LysMcre mice (B,D) were pre-treated with a cocktail of IL-4/IL-13/GM-CSF at a concentration of 1 ng/ml of each cytokine or PBS. CD4⁺ cells were isolated from the livers of 9-week S. mansoni–infected WT (A,B) or Arg1 ^−/flox ;LysMcre mice (C,D), labeled with CFSE, and then added to the macrophage cultures at a concentration of 1×10⁵ cells per well in RPMI+10% FCS. Wells were either left unstimulated (Med) or stimulated with 20 µg/ml of SEA. After 84 hours, proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometry and represented as the percentage of CD4 cells that had divided in each of the conditions. The experiment was conducted twice with similar results.