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. 2009 Mar 9;106(12):4591–4595. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0900960106

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Fig. 1. — Formation of a MWNT–Co–MWNT junction from a Co-filled MWNT subjected to electron irradiation (200 keV) at 700 °C. (A) The Co-filled MWNT at the beginning of the experiment. (B) The focused electron beam damages the tube, and the Co nanowire is expelled to the surface, experiencing shape changes after 6 min of irradiation. (C) Finally, the Co particle acts as a link between the 2 MWNT segments. The time required to obtain the final shape was 11 min. The sketch at the bottom shows the mechanism of the process. The circle indicates the zone subjected to electron irradiation. (D) Periodic FeCo–MWNT heterojunction, formed by repeated irradiation at different positions of a FeCo-filled nanotube. Arrows indicate metal particles.