Table 2.
predator-naive population | predator-sympatric population | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
test of rA =0 | test of rA =1 | test of rA=0 | test of rA=1 | |||||||||
trait | Avg. h2 | rA±s.e. | Χ12 | p-value | Χ12 | p-value | Avg. h2 | rA±s.e. | Χ12 | p-value | Χ12 | p-value |
personality traitsaxis label | ||||||||||||
exploration novel environmentA1 | 0.27 | 0.65±0.27 | 4.238 | 0.04 | 2.626 | 0.105 | 0.15 | 0.84±0.45 | 2.74 | 0.098 | 0.154 | 0.695 |
activity 2 hours after releaseB1 | 0.06 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.27 | 0.78±0.28 | 4.312 | 0.038 | 0.78 | 0.377 |
activity 4 hours after releaseC1 | 0.06 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.27 | 1.17±0.09 | 18.722 | <0.001 | 2.146 | 0.143 |
sociability−D1 | 0.11 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.29 | 0.74±0.33 | 3.28 | 0.07 | 0.77 | 0.38 |
exploration of novel conspecificD2 | 0.08 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.27 | 0.83±0.31 | 4.166 | 0.041 | 0.348 | 0.555 |
boldness towards predators−E1 | 0.22 | 0.87±0.34 | 5.466 | 0.019 | 0.202 | 0.653 | 0.32 | 1.13±0.11 | 16.092 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 0.271 |
morphological traits | ||||||||||||
body length | 0.67 | 0.67±0.14 | 12.982 | <0.001 | 2.968 | 0.085 | 0.94 | 0.38±0.21 | 2.674 | 0.102 | 38.656 | <0.001 |
body shape | 0.92 | 0.64±0.13 | 13.61 | <0.001 | 27.278 | <0.001 | 0.82 | 0.83±0.11 | 15.13 | <0.001 | 7.564 | 0.006 |
relative spine length | 0.34 | 0.81±0.21 | 8.068 | 0.005 | 0.992 | 0.319 | 0.39 | 0.81±0.20 | 7.392 | 0.007 | 1.454 | 0.228 |