Table 1.

Dose metrics of the different experiments

Particle size	Particle number per well	Particle surface area [μm2 per well]	Particle volume [μm3 per well]
APM experiments
1 μm	3 × 107	1.1 × 108	1.9 × 107
1 μm	6 × 108	2.1 × 109	3.8 × 108
0.05 μm	3 × 107	1.6 × 105	1.1 × 103
0.05 μm	6 × 108	3.2 × 106	2.2 × 104
0.05 μm	4.5 × 1011	2.4 × 109	1.6 × 107
Constant particle number or surface area exposure
1 μm	1 × 107	3.5 × 107	6.3 × 106
1 μm	3 × 107	1.1 × 108	1.9 × 107
0.05 μm	3 × 107	1.6 × 105	1.1 × 103
0.05 μm	6.7 × 109	3.5 × 107	2.4 × 106
Concentration dependent particle entering
1 μm	1 × 107	3.5 × 107	6.3 × 106
1 μm	3 × 107	1.1 × 108	1.9 × 107
1 μm	6 × 107	2.1 × 108	3.8 × 107
1 μm	9 × 107	3.2 × 108	5.6 × 107
0.05 μm	3 × 107	1.6 × 105	1.1 × 103
0.05 μm	6 × 107	3.2 × 105	2.2 × 103
0.05 μm	6 × 108	3.2 × 106	2.2 × 104
0.05 μm	6 × 109	3.2 × 107	2.2 × 105

Note: Particle dose per cell culture well was based on particle numbers. Corresponding particle surface area was calculated for spherical particles. All calculations are based on the effective diameters of 0.041 μm and 1.062 μm, respectively (see Material and Methods).