Figure 3.

Two possible strategies that differentiate RAGE-mediated chronic versus acute inflammatory responses. A. The configuration of RAGE ligand regulates chronic versus acute inflammation through RAGE signaling. Oligomeric ligands have higher affinity to RAGE and elicit persistent signaling. In contrast, monomeric ligands bind RAGE poorly and triggers acute response only. B. Ligand origin determines chronic versus acute inflammation. While endogenous ligands possess patterns that have higher affinity to RAGE and trigger chronic inflammation, the exogenous ligands have patterns with lower affinity to RAGE, leading to acute responses and clearance.