Effects of CNS, exercise, or both combined on BDNF mRNA after normalization with β-action mRNA levels. (‘Day 1’ presents the BDNF levels on the day following the end of CNS procedure; ‘Day 14’ presents after 2 week following the end of CNS). Values represent mean ± S.E.M. n = 5 for each experimental group in each measure. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared to control; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, compared to CNS group. The exact P values are given in the text.