Table 1.

Patient Demographic Characteristics and Basic Echocardiography

	Normal (n=20)	FMR (n=29) (IWMA n=16, DCM n=13)	No MR (n=31) (IWMA n=14, DCM n=17)
Age, y†	53±18	60±17	55±15
Female gender, n (%)†	8 (40)	9 (31)	11 (35)
BSA, m2†	1.81±0.20	1.89±0.1	1.90±0.15
HR, bpm	68±9	75±12*	78±13*
SBP, mm Hg†	120±14	117±19	123±23
DBP, mm Hg†	66±12	65±11	68±11
EF, %	60±7	33±9*	38±9*‡
EDV, mL	82±30	155±28*	125±30*‡
ESV, mL	34±17	109±32*	80±28*‡
PJW, cm	0.05±0.08	0.55±0.12*	0.15±0.10§
Tethering distance, cm	3.45±0.43	4.20±0.45*	4.00±0.45*‡
Diastolic annular area, cm2	7.5±0.8	10.4±1.3*	9.9±2.0*‡

BSA indicates body surface area; HR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EDV, end-diastolic volume; ESV, end-systolic volume; and PJW, proximal jet width.

Values are expressed as mean±SD.

^*P< 0.05 vs normal group.

^†No statistically significant difference among groups (P=NS).

^‡No statistically significant difference between patients with and without MR (P=NS).

^§P<0.05 for MR vs no MR.