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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Mar 30.
Published in final edited form as: J AOAC Int. 2008;91(1):13–20.

Table 1.

Methods included in paper review (2003) as part of selection of methods for identification of ginseng

Source Reference materials Mobile phase on TLC silica gel Derivatization
U.S. Pharmacopeia/National Formulary
 (USP/NF) 20, 2nd supplement		 Escin and arbutin Ethyl acetate—water—1-butanol
(25 + 50 + 100), upper phase		 Anisaldehyde
Pharmacopoeial Forum 30 (2) Reference extracts of
American and Asian
ginseng: 2D		 1: chloroform—methanol—water
(13 + 7 + 2), lower phase
2: water—butanol—ethyl acetate
(5 + 4 + 1), upper phase		 Anisaldehyde
Pharmeuropa 15 (3) Escin and arbutin As USP/NF 20 Anisaldehyde
Chinese Pharmacopoeia Rb1, Re, Rg1 Chloroform—ethyl acetate—methanol—water
(15 + 40 + 22 + 10), store at 10°C, use lower layer		 Anisaldehyde
Plant Drug Analysis (Wagner, Bladt) Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd,
Re, Rg1, Rg2		 Chloroform—methanol—water (70 + 30 + 4) Vanillin
Journal of Planar Chromatography
 (2002) 15 (2)		 Rb1, Re, Rg1 Chloroform—methanol—water (65 + 50 + 10) Anisaldehyde
Xie and Yan, Journal of High Resolution
 Chromatography & Chromatography
 Communications (1987) 10 		Ginsenoside
mixture		 Chloroform—ethyl acetate—methanol—water
(15 + 40 + 22 + 10), use lower layer;
plate drying over P2O5 		Sulfuric acid