Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Nov 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Biol. 2008 Sep 9;383(5):1008–1018. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.08.080

Figure 5. Effect of copper on MAP kinase activity.

Figure 5

COS-7 cells were exposed to 400 µM copper for 4 h or 24 h. Changes in kinase activity were measured by the time dependent changes in the level of phosphorylation for target substrates c-Jun (Ser63) for JNK/SAPK (upper panel) and ATF-2 for p38 (lower panel). Data are expressed as mean fold induction +/− S.E.M. in comparison to untreated controls. * indicates significantly different from untreated cells by ANOVA, p < 0.05, n = 3 observations. Insets, representative Western immunoblots of target substrates for SAPK/JNK and P38.