Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| Number (%) of participants |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Cases (n=367) | Controls (n=602) | ORs (95% CIs)a | |
| Age (years) | Matching factor | |||
| <45 | 78 (21) | 124 (21) | ||
| 45–54 | 107 (29) | 176 (29) | ||
| 55–64 | 90 (25) | 157 (26) | ||
| >64 | 92 (25) | 105 (24) | ||
| Ethnicity | Matching factor | |||
| Caucasian | 90 (25) | 158 (26) | ||
| Japanese | 102 (28) | 175 (29) | ||
| Hawaiian | 82 (24) | 119 (20) | ||
| Filipino | 43 (12) | 80 (13) | ||
| Other | 40 (11) | 70 (12) | ||
| Family history of ovarian cancer | ||||
| No | 350 (95) | 593 (99) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Yes | 17 (5) | 9 (1) | 3.74 (1.55–9.03) | |
| Gravidity | ||||
| Nulligravid | 90 (25) | 62 (10) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| 1 | 46 (13) | 70 (12) | 0.55 (0.33–0.93) | |
| 2–3 | 138 (38) | 256 (42) | 0.49 (0.33–0.75) | |
| ≥4 | 93 (25) | 214 (36) | 0.38 (0.24–0.60) | |
| Used oral contraceptives | ||||
| No | 197 (54) | 190 (32) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Yes | 170 (46) | 412 (68) | 0.35 (0.25–0.49) | |
| Had tubal ligation | ||||
| No | 304 (83) | 413 (69) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Yes | 63 (17) | 189 (31) | 0.60 (0.42–0.86) | |
| Menopausal status | ||||
| Postmenopausal | 239 (65) | 378 (63) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Premenopausal | 128 (35) | 224 (37) | 0.51 (0.25–1.05) | |
| Type of menopause | ||||
| Natural menopause | 203 (55) | 329 (55) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Hysterectomy | 164 (45) | 273 (45) | 1.13 (0.66–1.97) | |
| Use of menopausal hormones | ||||
| Never used | 265 (72) | 392 (65) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Estrogen only | 34 (9) | 50 (8) | 0.85 (0.48–1.52) | |
| Progesterone only | 13 (4) | 19 (3) | 0.80 (0.36–1.77) | |
| Combined estrogen and progesterone |
55 (15) | 141 (24) | 0.55 (0.36–0.84) | |
| BMI | ||||
| Underweight (BMI≤18.5) | 6 (2) | 18 (4) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Normal (18.5<BMI<25) | 141 (52) | 218 (48) | 1.23 (0.49–3.04) | |
| Overweight (25≤BMI<30) | 63 (23) | 126 (28) | 1.18 (0.62–4.08) | |
| Obese (BMI≥30) | 64 (23) | 90 (20) | 1.59 (0.57–4.71) | |
a
Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on unconditional logistic regression models including all listed variables.