Table 3.
Distribution of body composition variables and relevant covariates after an average of 70 months by sex and treatment group
| Quartile |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Group | 25% | 50% | 75% | Mean ± SD | P value for treatment group differences |
| Women | ||||||
| Age when assessed (years) | INT | 30.00 | 35.00 | 40.00 | 35.11 ±6.11 | 0.1148 |
| CON | 30.00 | 34.00 | 39.00 | 34.29 ± 5.99 | ||
| Length of follow-up (months) | INT | 60.00 | 69.00 | 83.00 | 72.09 ± 19.95 | 0.8220 |
| CON | 57.00 | 69.00 | 84.00 | 72.15 ± 20.11 | ||
| Weight (kg) | INT | 62.05 | 68.90 | 78.90 | 71.79 ± 13.34 | 0.0001 |
| CON | 60.40 | 66.10 | 72.70 | 67.16 ± 9.82 | ||
| Height (cm) | INT | 161.00 | 164.90 | 169.00 | 164.80 ± 6.20 | 0.2504 |
| CON | 161.80 | 165.43 | 169.25 | 165.49 ± 5.63 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | INT | 22.98 | 25.46 | 28.75 | 26.42 ± 4.60 | <0.0001 |
| CON | 22.27 | 24.30 | 26.00 | 24.50 ± 3.18 | ||
| HbA1c (% of hemoglobin) | INT | 6.6 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 7.2 ± 1.0 | <0.0001 |
| CON | 7.9 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 9.1 ± 1.6 | ||
| Estimated percent body fat | INT | 28.02 | 32.70 | 36.91 | 32.51 ± 6.08 | 0.0002 |
| CON | 26.77 | 30.67 | 34.35 | 30.68 ± 5.27 | ||
| Estimated fat-free mass (kg) | INT | 43.61 | 47.22 | 51.47 | 47.84 ± 5.95 | 0.0007 |
| CON | 42.46 | 45.54 | 48.96 | 46.21 ± 4.92 | ||
| Natural WHR | INT | 0.72 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.76 ± 0.08 | 0.7292 |
| CON | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.79 | 0.76 ± 0.05 | ||
| Waist circumference (cm) | INT | 71.95 | 77.05 | 84.65 | 79.03 ± 9.97 | 0.0004 |
| CON | 70.85 | 75.05 | 79.70 | 75.75 ± 7.25 | ||
| Men | ||||||
| Age when assessed (years) | INT | 31.00 | 35.00 | 40.00 | 35.23 ± 5.56 | 0.8618 |
| CON | 31.00 | 35.00 | 39.00 | 35.17 ± 5.44 | ||
| Length of follow-up (months) | INT | 58.00 | 69.00 | 83.00 | 70.95 ± 19.69 | 0.6647 |
| CON | 57.00 | 66.00 | 83.00 | 70.31 ± 18.94 | ||
| Weight (kg) | INT | 74.55 | 82.03 | 90.40 | 83.52 ± 12.84 | <0.0001 |
| CON | 73.05 | 81.10 | 88.20 | 81.60 ± 11.29 | ||
| Height (cm) | INT | 173.80 | 178.00 | 182.40 | 178.41 ± 6.60 | 0.1693 |
| CON | 174.40 | 178.70 | 184.00 | 179.02 ± 7.23 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | INT | 23.86 | 25.72 | 28.14 | 26.20 ± 3.46 | <0.0001 |
| CON | 23.65 | 25.16 | 27.31 | 25.43 ± 2.92 | ||
| HbA1c (% of hemoglobin) | INT | 6.6 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 7.2 ± 1.0 | <0.0001 |
| CON | 8.4 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 9.2 ± 1.3 | ||
| Estimated percent body fat | INT | 16.07 | 19.79 | 23.89 | 19.79 ± 6.13 | 0.0557 |
| CON | 14.86 | 18.46 | 23.26 | 18.92 ± 5.83 | ||
| Estimated fat-free mass (kg) | INT | 60.74 | 65.94 | 71.30 | 66.53 ± 8.10 | 0.3397 |
| CON | 60.28 | 64.90 | 70.90 | 65.84 ± 7.86 | ||
| Natural WHR | INT | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.87 ± 0.07 | 0.8103 |
| CON | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.90 | 0.87 ± 0.06 | ||
| Waist circumference (cm) | INT | 81.65 | 86.60 | 94.25 | 88.51 ± 9.82 | 0.1028 |
| CON | 81.00 | 86.00 | 91.70 | 86.99 ± 8.13 | ||
P values are from the Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test. BMI was tested after adjustment for covariance with baseline BMI. Weight, percent body fat, and fat-free mass were all adjusted for covariance with weight at baseline. INT, intensive therapy (n = 298); CON, conventional therapy (n = 337).