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. 2009 Jan 28;38(2):342–360. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyn359

Table 1.

Distribution and percent illiteracy by race/nativity in the United States, 1930 (for the population 10 years old and over)

Illiterate Total
N (%) N
Native White 1 103 134 (1.48) 74 773 962
Foreign Born White 1 304 084 (9.85) 13 233 609
Black 1 513 892 (16.27) 9 302 988
Robinson's grouping
Nativity
Native (White and Black) 2 617 026 (3.11) 84 076 950
Foreign Born Whites 1 304 084 (9.85) 13 233 609
Race
White (Native and Foreign Born) 2 407 218 (2.74) 88 007 571
Black 1 513 892 (16.27) 9 302 988