Table 2.
Age-adjusted annualized rates (%) of fracture, breast cancer, stroke and CHD: number with outcome (annualized rates (%))
| white | black | Hispanic | American Indian | Asian/Pacific Islander | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All OS participants† | ||||||
| Total fractures | 11,855 (2.36%) | 586 (1.26%) | 331 (1.59%) | 66 (2.79%) | 245 (1.36%) | <.0001 |
| Hip fractures | 881 (0.16%) | 18 (0.04%) | 9 (0.05%) | 3 (0.12%) | 11 (0.06%) | <.0001 |
| Lower extremity fractures‡ | 5823 (1.11%) | 318 (0.65%) | 151 (0.65%) | 41 (1.69%) | 110 (0.59%) | <.0001 |
| Upper extremity fractures§ | 4400 (0.83%) | 159 (0.34%) | 134 (0.70%) | 16 (0.70%) | 91 (0.49%) | <.0001 |
| Invasive breast cancer | 2542 (0.48%) | 167 (0.35%) | 68 (0.28%) | 11 (0.47%) | 65 (0.36%) | <.0001 |
| Stroke | 1394 (0.26%) | 155 (0.36%) | 39 (0.24%) | 7 (0.30%) | 43 (0.23%) | .001 |
| CHD | 1640 (0.30%) | 163 (0.39%) | 32 (0.16%) | 12 (0.53%) | 30 (0.16%) | <.0001 |
| Expanded CHD** | 4564 (0.87%) | 470 (1.10%) | 130 (0.67%) | 32 (1.50%) | 76 (0.41%) | <.0001 |
| Stroke and TIA | 2077 (0.39%) | 220 (0.50%) | 56 (0.32%) | 9 (0.39%) | 60 (0.32%) | .0003 |
| CVD†† | 6231 (1.20%) | 646 (1.53%) | 177 (0.95%) | 37 (1.72%) | 133 (0.73%) | <.0001 |
| Excluding HT users | ||||||
| Total fractures | 6847 (2.71%) | 406 (1.28%) | 207 (1.79%) | 44 (3.65%) | 131 (1.62%) | <.0001 |
| Hip fractures | 566 (0.20%) | 15 (0.06%) | 6 (0.05%) | 3 (0.24%) | 7 (0.08%) | <.0001 |
| Lower extremity fractures‡ | 3207 (1.20%) | 215 (0.64%) | 93 (0.73%) | 29 (2.45%) | 58 (0.69%) | <.0001 |
| Upper extremity fractures§ | 2801 (1.05%) | 108 (0.34%) | 91 (0.83%) | 11 (0.96%) | 56 (0.67%) | <.0001 |
| Invasive breast cancer | 1123 (0.41%) | 116 (0.35%) | 38 (0.27%) | 4 (0.32%) | 29 (0.35%) | .07 |
| Stroke | 822 (0.30%) | 118 (0.39%) | 27 (0.28%) | 5 (0.35%) | 24 (0.29%) | .03 |
| CHD | 1022 (0.37%) | 125 (0.43%) | 27 (0.22%) | 7 (0.54%) | 17 (0.20%) | .01 |
| Expanded CHD** | 2768 (1.03%) | 356 (1.22%) | 98 (0.85%) | 17 (1.40%) | 40 (0.48%) | <.0001 |
| Stroke and TIA | 1226 (0.45%) | 163 (0.54%) | 35 (0.34%) | 6 (0.43%) | 35 (0.42%) | .03 |
| CVD†† | 3728 (1.41%) | 485 (1.67%) | 124 (1.12%) | 21 (1.70%) | 74 (0.91%) | <.0001 |
P-value is computed from a likelihood ratio test derived from a generalized linear model with Poisson distribution and log link function, adjusted for age
Excluded WHI OS participants with previous history of hip fractures, breast cancer, stroke or CHD
Lower extremity fractures include hip, upper leg (not hip), pelvis, knee (patella), lower leg or ankle, foot (not toe) and tailbone (coccyx) fractures
Upper extremity fractures include lower arm or wrist, hand (not finger), elbow, and upper arm or shoulder fractures
Including hospitalized angina, revascularization, non-fatal and fatal CHD, CHF, and DVT
Including hospitalized angina, revascularization, non-fatal and fatal CHD, CHF, DVT, stroke and TIA