Table 1.
Characteristics of the study sample*
| Variable | Age | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 260) | 1 year old (n = 128) | 2 years old (n = 74) | 3 years old (n = 21) | 4 years old (n = 18) | 5 years old (n = 19) | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 30% | 30% | 28% | 33% | 33% | 26% |
| Male | 70% | 70% | 72% | 67% | 67% | 74% |
| Patient category | ||||||
| Bilateral | 73% | 73% | 76% | 57% | 67% | 84% |
| Unilateral | 27% | 27% | 24% | 43% | 33% | 16% |
| Side | ||||||
| Left | 49% | 49% | 47% | 48% | 56% | 53% |
| Right | 51% | 51% | 53% | 52% | 44% | 47% |
| Admit | ||||||
| No | 32% | 33% | 43% | 19% | 22% | 11% |
| Yes | 68% | 67% | 57% | 81% | 78% | 90% |
| Number of casts (mean, SD) | 7 (1) | 6 (2) | 6 (1) | 7 (1) | 7 (2) | 7 (1) |
| Pre-Pirani score (mean, SD) | 5.15 (0.92) | 5.17 (0.94) | 5.23 (0.90) | 5.55 (0.59) | 4.86 (0.64) | 4.55 (1.08) |
| Post-Pirani score (mean, SD) | 2.07 (1.03) | 2.02 (0.94) | 2.10 (1.28) | 1.98 (0.87) | 2.50 (1) | 2.05 (0.52) |
| Degree of dorsiflexion | 12.49 (5.91) | 13.54 (5.62) | 12.54 (5.94) | 9.76 (6.22) | 10.63 (5.44) | 10.00 (6.24) |
| Surgery | ||||||
| HCR | 79% | 90% | 81% | 71% | 39% | 47% |
| PMR | 6% | 3% | 9% | 0% | 22% | 0% |
| PR | 8% | 0% | 1% | 29% | 39% | 37% |
| TAL | 3% | 1% | 4% | 0% | 0% | 16% |
| None | 5% | 6% | 5% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Treatment outcome | ||||||
| Success | 94% | 97% | 92% | 100% | 78% | 100% |
| Failure (PMR needed) | 6% | 3% | 8% | 0% | 22% | 0% |
* Data represent percentages of feet in each column, unless otherwise specified; percentages may not sum to 100 as a result of rounding; sample n = 260 for all variables except degree of dorsiflexion (n = 247) and admit (n = 258); SD = standard deviation; HCR = percutaneous tendo-Achilles release; PMR = ; PR = posterior release; TAL = tendo-Achilles release.